Linux中常用的命令都是哪些单词的缩写?

所有的缩写和全称都是我从网上搜集的,基本上是采取了大多数人支持的说法或者是官方的说法。不过毕竟是简称吗,怎么理解就是仁者见仁、智者见智了。如果能根据自已的想法理解命令的意思,使用起来也会得心应手很多。

说明:大写的字母就是缩写中对应的字母

项目名

Linux — LINUs’ uniX (开个玩笑不是这样的,别当真)

GNU — Gnu is Not Unix

目录名

/boot:顾名思义

/root :同上

/run:同上

/home:同上

/etc:ETCetera

/bin:BINaries

/dev:DEVices

/lib:LIBraries

/mnt:MouNT

/proc:PROCesses

/tmp:TeMPorary

/var:VARiable

/srv:SeRVices

/opt:OPTional

/sbin:Super BINaries or Superuser BINaries

/sys:SYStem

/usr:Unix System Resources or Unix Software Resources or Unix Shared Resources(这个很重要,很多人会认为这个是user)

常用命令

文件及文件夹管理

ls — LiSt

cd — Change Directory

pwd — Print Working Directory

cp — CoPy

mv — MoVe

rm — ReMove

pushd — PUSH to Directory

popd — POP from Directory

mkdir — MaKe DIRectory

rmdir — ReMove DIRectory

cat — CATenate or conCATenate

sed — Stream EDitor

diff — DIFFerence

wc — Word Count

chmod — CHange MODe

chown — CHange OWNer

chgrp — CHange GRouP

awk — Aho Weinberger and Kernighan

gawk — Gnu AWK

mawk — Minimal AWK

grep — General Regular Expression Print

ln — LiNk

tar — TARball

硬件管理

df — Disk Free

du — Disk Usage

dd — Data Description(有说是Convert and Copy, 但是cc被用掉了,就用dd了)

parted — PARTition EDitor

fdisk — Format DISK

lspci — LiSt Peripheral Component Interconnect

lscpu — LiSt Central Process Unit

lsusb — LiSt Universal Serial Bus

lsblk — LiSt BLocK

mdadm — Multiple Disk And Device Manager

lvm

lvm — Logical Volume Manager

pvcreate — Physical Volume CREATE

vgcreate — Volume Group CREATE

lvcreate — Logical Volume CREATE

pvdisplay — Physical Volume DISPLAY

vgdisplay — Volume Group DISPLAY

lvdisplay — Logical Volume DISPLAY

pvresize — Physical Volume RESIZE

vgresize — Volume Group RESIZE

lvresize — Logical Volume RESIZE

pvextend — Physical Volume EXTEND

vgextend — Volume Group EXTEND

lvextend — Logical Volume EXTEND

pvremove — Physical Volume REMOVE

vgremove — Volume Group REMOVE

lvremove — Logical Volume REMOVE

pvs — Physical Volume Status

vgs — Volume Group Status

lvs — Logical Volume Status

软件及软件包管理

man — MANual

apt — Advanced Packaging Tool

dpkg — Debian PacKaGe

yum — Yellow dog Updater, Modified

rpm — RPM Package Manager or Redhat Package Manager

用户及用户组管理

useradd — USER Add

userdel — USER DELete

usermod — USER MODify

users — USER Status

groupadd — GROUP ADD

groupdel — GROUP DELete

groupmod — GROUP MODify

groupmems — GROUP MEMberS

系统管理

depmod — DEPend MODule

lsmod — LiSt MODule

modprobe — MODule PROBE

modinfo — MODule INFOrmation

insmod — INSert MODule

rmmod — ReMove MODule

mkfs — MaKe FileSystem

fsck — File System Consistency Check

ps — Processes Status

su — Substitute User

bash — Bourne Again SHell

dash — Debian Almquist SHell

init — INITialization

ssh — Secure SHell

wine — Wine Is Not an Emulator

exec — EXECute

fstab — FileSystem TABle

passwd — PASSWorD

chpasswd — CHange PASSWorD

pwconv — PassWord CONVert

pwunconv — PassWord UNCONVert

tty — TeleTYpe

sudo — SuperUser DO

grub — GRand Unified Bootloader

tzselect — Time Zone SELECT

sync — SYNChronize

systemd — SYSTEM Daemon (里面有systemctl bootctl journalctl loginctl localectl timedatectl 等等,都是blablabla ConTroL)

编辑器

ed — EDitor

nano — Nano’s ANOther editor

emacs — Editor MACroS(还有很多全称,就不罗列了,这个接受度比较广)

vi — VIsual

vim — Vi Improved

编译器

cc — C Compiler

gcc — Gnu Compiler Collection(作为一个软件集被你下载下来编译安装的时候)

gcc — Gnu C Compiler (作为一个软件被你调用来编译C程序的时候)

g++ — Gnu c++ compiler

gcj — Gnu Compiler for Java

yacc — Yet Another Compiler Compiler

guile — Gnu Ubiquitous Intelligent Language for Extensions

gas — Gnu Assembler

php — PHP:Hypertext Preprocessor

ld — LoaD

gdb — Gnu DeBug

tcl — Tool Command Line

图形界面

gnome — GNu Object Model Environment

gdm — Gnome Display Manager

gtk — Graphic user interface ToolKit

qt — ………………Toolkit(不说Q了,用Q只是因为在开发者的Emacs中Q特别漂亮…………)

kde — K Desktop Environment

lxde — Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment

xfce — XForms Common Environment

参数(声明:只是通常会使用的参数,并不一定是通用参数,使用时请注意)

-h | –help:help

-v | –version:version(吐槽一下java)

许可证

gnu gpl : Gnu General Public License

gnu lgpl : Gnu General Lesser Public License

gfdl : Gnu Free Documentation License

agpl : Affero General Public License(或简写为Affero gpl)

apsl : Apple Public Source License

bsd : Berkeley Software Distribution license

就到这里吧,有什么遗漏的请评论补充吧

其实我这里写的“全称”不一定百分百正确或符合规范,但能通过这些“全称”来初步理解这些命令的作用才是本文的正确打开方式~

要深入学习一条命令的话,建议大家直接man,这样大家也能总结出一大堆出来~


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